State of Ohio Science Standards Science and Technology
Grade: K Science and Technology Abilities to Do Technological Design Standard Number: 3.   Explore that each kind of tool has an intended use, which can be helpful or harmful (e.g., scissors can be used to cut paper but they can also hurt you). Understanding Technology Standard Number: 1.   Explore that objects can be sorted as ìnaturalî or ìman-madeî. Standard Number: 2.   Explore that some materials can be used over and over again (e.g., plastic or glass containers, cardboard boxes and tubes). Grade: Gr. 1 Science and Technology Abilities to Do Technological Design Standard Number: 6.   Investigate that tools are used to help make things and some things cannot be made without tools. Standard Number: 7.   Explore that several steps are usually needed to make things (e.g., building with blocks). Standard Number: 8.   Investigate that when parts are put together they can do things that they could not do by themselves (e.g., blocks, gears and wheels). Understanding Technology Standard Number: 1.   Explore that some kinds of materials are better suited than others for making something new (e.g., building materials used in the Three Little Pigs). Standard Number: 2.   Explain that when trying to build something or get something to work better, it helps to follow directions and ask someone who has done it before. Standard Number: 3.   Identify some materials that can be saved for community recycling projects (e.g., newspapers, glass and aluminum). Standard Number: 4.   Explore ways people use energy to cook their food and warm their homes (e.g., wood, coal, natural gas, electricity). Standard Number: 5.   Identify how people can save energy by turning things off when they are not using them (e.g., lights and motors). Grade: Gr. 2 Science and Technology Abilities to Do Technological Design Standard Number: 4.   Communicate orally, pictorially, or in written form the design process used to make something. Understanding Technology Standard Number: 1.   Explain that developing and using technology involves benefits and risks. Standard Number: 2.   Investigate why people make new products or invent new ways to meet their individual wants and needs. Standard Number: 3.   Predict how building or trying something new might affect other people and the environment. Grade: Gr. 3 Science and Technology Abilities to Do Technological Design Standard Number: 4.   Use a simple design process to solve a problem (e.g., identify a problem, identify possible solutions, design a solution). Standard Number: 5.   Describe possible solutions to a design problem (e.g., how to hold down paper in the wind). Understanding Technology Standard Number: 1.   Describe how technology can extend human abilities (e.g., to move things, to extend senses). Standard Number: 2.   Describe ways that using technology can have helpful and/or harmful results. Standard Number: 3.   Investigate ways that the results of technology may affect the individual, family and community. Grade: Gr. 4 Science and Technology Abilities to Do Technological Design Standard Number: 3.   Describe, illustrate and evaluate the design process used to solve a problem. Understanding Technology Standard Number: 1.   Explain how technology from different areas (e.g., transportation, communication, nutrition, healthcare, agriculture, entertainment, manufacturing) has improved human lives. Standard Number: 2.   Investigate how technology and inventions change to meet peoplesí needs and wants. Grade: Gr. 5 Science and Technology Abilities to Do Technological Design Standard Number: 2.   Revise an existing design used to solve a problem based on peer review. Standard Number: 3.   Explain how the solution to one problem may create other problems. Understanding Technology Standard Number: 1.   Investigate positive and negative impacts of human activity and technology on the environment. Grade: Gr. 6 Science and Technology Abilities to Do Technological Design Standard Number: 5.   Design and build a product or create a solution to a problem given one constraint (e.g., limits of cost and time for design and production, supply of materials and environmental effects). Understanding Technology Standard Number: 1.   Explain how technology influences the quality of life. Standard Number: 2.   Explain how decisions about the use of products and systems can result in desirable or undesirable consequences (e.g., social and environmental). Standard Number: 3.   Describe how automation (e.g., robots) has changed manufacturing including manual labor being replaced by highly-skilled jobs. Standard Number: 4.   Explain how the usefulness of manufactured parts of an object depend on how well their properties allow them to fit and interact with other materials. Grade: Gr. 7 Science and Technology Abilities to Technological Design Standard Number: 4.   Design and build a product or create a solution to a problem given two constraints (e.g., limits of cost and time for design and production, supply of materials and environmental effects). Understanding Technology Standard Number: 1.   Explain how needs, attitudes and values influence the direction of technological development in various cultures. Standard Number: 2.   Describe how decisions to develop and use technologies often put environmental and economic concerns in direct competition with each other. Standard Number: 3.   Recognize that science can only answer some questions and technology can only solve some human problems. Grade: Gr. 8 Science and Technology Abilities to Do Technological Design Standard Number: 3.   Design and build a product or create a solution to a problem given more than two constraints (e.g., limits of cost and time for design and production, supply of materials and environmental effects). Standard Number: 4.   Evaluate the overall effectiveness of a product design or solution. Understanding Technology Standard Number: 1.   Examine how science and technology have advanced through the contributions of many different people, cultures and times in history. Standard Number: 2.   Examine how choices regarding the use of technology are influenced by constraints caused by various unavoidable factors (e.g., geographic location, limited resources, social, political and economic considerations). Grade: Gr. 9 Science and Technology Abilities to Do Technological Design Standard Number: 2.   Identify a problem or need, propose designs and choose among alternative solutions for the problem. Standard Number: 3.   Explain why a design should be continually assessed and the ideas of the design should be tested, adapted and refined. Understanding Technology Standard Number: 1.   Describe means of comparing the benefits with the risks of technology and how science can inform public policy. Grade: Gr. 10 Science and Technology Abilities to Do Technological Design Standard Number: 3.   Explain that when evaluating a design for a device or process, thought should be given to how it will be manufactured, operated, maintained, replaced and disposed of in addition to who will sell, operate and take care of it. Explain how the costs associated with these considerations may introduce additional constraints on the design. Understanding Technology Standard Number: 1.   Cite examples of ways that scientific inquiry is driven by the desire to understand the natural world and how technology is driven by the need to meet human needs and solve human problems. Standard Number: 2.   Describe examples of scientific advances and emerging technologies and how they may impact society. Grade: Gr. 11 Science and Technology Understanding Technology Standard Number: 1.   Identify that science and technology are essential social enterprises but alone they can only indicate what can happen, not what should happen. Realize the latter involves human decisions about the use of knowledge. Standard Number: 2.   Predict how decisions regarding the implementation of technologies involve the weighing of trade-offs between predicted positive and negative effects on the environment and/or humans. Standard Number: 3.   Explore and explain any given technology that may have a different value for different groups of people and at different points in time (e.g., new varieties of farm plants and animals have been engineered by manipulating their genetic instructions to reproduce new characteristics). Standard Number: 4.   Explain why basic concepts and principles of science and technology should be a part of active debate about the economics, policies, politics and ethics of various science-related and technology-related challenges. Standard Number: 5.   Investigate that all fuels (e.g., fossil, solar, nuclear) have advantages and disadvantages; therefore society must consider the trade-offs among them (e.g., economic costs and environmental impact). Standard Number: 6.   Research sources of energy beyond traditional fuels and the advantages, disadvantages and trade-offs society must consider when using alternative sources (e.g., biomass, solar, hybrid engines, wind, fuel cells). Grade: Gr. 12 Science and Technology Understanding Technology Standard Number: 1.   Explain how science often advances with the introduction of new technologies and how solving technological problems often results in new scientific knowledge. Standard Number: 2.   Describe how new technologies often extend the current levels of scientific understanding and introduce new areas of research. Standard Number: 3.   Research how scientific inquiry is driven by the desire to understand the natural world and how technological design is driven by the need to meet human needs and solve human problems. Standard Number: 4.   Explain why basic concepts and principles of science and technology should be a part of active debate about the economics, policies, politics and ethics of various science-related and technology-related challenges.