State of Ohio Science Standards Scientific Inquiry
Grade: K Scientific Inquiry Doing Scientific Inquiry Standard Number: 1.   Ask "what if " questions. Standard Number: 2.   Explore and pursue student-generated ìwhat if î questions. Standard Number: 3.   Use appropriate safety procedures when completing scientific investigations. Standard Number: 4.   Use the five senses to make observations about the natural world. Standard Number: 5.   Draw pictures that correctly portray features of the item being described. Standard Number: 6.   Recognize that numbers can be used to count a collection of things. Standard Number: 7.   Use appropriate tools and simple equipment/instruments to safely gather scientific data (e.g.,magnifiers and other appropriate tools). Standard Number: 8.   Measure the lengths of objects using non-standard methods of measurement (e.g.,teddy bear counters,pennies). Standard Number: 9.   Make pictographs and use them to describe observations and draw conclusions. Standard Number: 10.   Make new observations when people give different descriptions for the same thing. Grade: Gr. 1 Scientific Inquiry Doing Scientific Inquiry Standard Number: 1.   Ask ìwhat happens when î questions. Standard Number: 2.   Explore and pursue student-generated ìwhat happens when î questions. Standard Number: 3.   Use appropriate safety procedures when completing scientific investigations. Standard Number: 4.   Work in a small group to complete an investigation and then share findings with others. Standard Number: 5.   Create individual conclusions about group findings. Standard Number: 6.   Use appropriate tools and simple equipment/instruments to safely gather scientific data (e.g.,magnifiers,timers,simple balances and other appropriate tools). Standard Number: 7.   Make estimates to compare familiar lengths,weights and time intervals. Standard Number: 8.   Use oral,written and pictorial representation to communicate work. Standard Number: 9.   Describe things as accurately as possible and compare with the observations of others. Grade: Gr. 2 Scientific Inquiry Doing Scientific Inquiry Standard Number: 1.   Ask ìhow can I/we î questions. Standard Number: 2.   Ask ìhow do you know î questions (not ìwhy î questions)in appropriate situations and attempt to give reasonable answers when others ask questions. Standard Number: 3.   Explore and pursue student-generated ìhow î questions. Standard Number: 4.   Use appropriate safety procedures when completing scientific investigations. Standard Number: 5.   Use evidence to develop explanations of scientific investigations.(What do you think?How do you know?) Standard Number: 6.   Recognize that explanations are generated in response to observations, events and phenomena. Standard Number: 7.   Use appropriate tools and simple equipment/instruments to safely gather scientific data (e.g.,magnifiers,non-breakable thermometers,timers,rulers, balances,calculators and other appropriate tools). Standard Number: 8.   Measure properties of objects using tools such as rulers,balances and thermometers. Standard Number: 9.   Use whole numbers to order,count,identify,measure and describe things and experiences. Standard Number: 10.   Share explanations with others to provide opportunities to ask questions, examine evidence and suggest alternative explanations. Grade: Gr. 3 Scientific Inquiry Doing Scientific Inquiry Standard Number: 1.   Select the appropriate tools and use relevant safety procedures to measure and record length and weight in metric and English units. Standard Number: 2.   Discuss observations and measurements made by other people. Standard Number: 3.   Read and interpret simple tables and graphs produced by self/others. Standard Number: 4.   Identify and apply science safety procedures. Standard Number: 5.   Record and organize observations (e.g.,journals,charts,tables). Standard Number: 6.   Communicate scientific findings to others through a variety of methods (e.g., pictures,written,oral and recorded observations). Grade: Gr. 4 Scientific Inquiry Doing Scientific Inquiry Standard Number: 1.   Select the appropriate tools and use relevant safety procedures to measure and record length,weight,volume,temperature and area in metric and English units. Standard Number: 2.   Analyze a series of events and/or simple daily or seasonal cycles,describe the patterns and infer the next likely occurrence. Standard Number: 3.   Develop,design and conduct safe,simple investigations or experiments to answer questions. Standard Number: 4.   Explain the importance of keeping conditions the same in an experiment. Standard Number: 5.   Describe how comparisons may not be fair when some conditions are not kept the same between experiments. Standard Number: 6.   Formulate instructions and communicate data in a manner that allows others to understand and repeat an investigation or experiment. Grade: Gr. 5 Scientific Inquiry Doing Scientific Inquiry Standard Number: 1.   Select and safely use the appropriate tools to collect data when conducting investigations and communicating findings to others(e.g.,thermometers, timers,balances,spring scales,magnifiers,microscopes and other appropriate tools). Standard Number: 2.   Evaluate observations and measurements made by other people and identify reasons for any discrepancies. Standard Number: 3.   Use evidence and observations to explain and communicate the results of investigations. Standard Number: 4.   Identify one or two variables in a simple experiment. Standard Number: 5.   Identify potential hazards and/or precautions involved in an investigation. Standard Number: 6.   Explain why results of an experiment are sometimes different (e.g.,because of unexpected differences in what is being investigated,unrealized differences in the methods used or in the circumstances in which the investigation was carried out,and because of errors in observations). Grade: Gr. 6 Scientific Inquiry Doing Scientific Inquiry Standard Number: 1.   Explain that there are not fixed procedures for guiding scientific investigations;however,the nature of an investigation determines the procedures needed. Standard Number: 2.   Choose the appropriate tools or instruments and use relevant safety procedures to complete scientific investigations. Standard Number: 3.   Distinguish between observation and inference. Standard Number: 4.   Explain that a single example can never prove that something is always correct,but sometimes a single example can disprove something. Grade: Gr. 7 Scientific Inquiry Doing Scientific Inquiry Standard Number: 1.   Explain that variables and controls can affect the results of an investigation and that ideally one variable should be tested at a time;however it is not always possible to control all variables. Standard Number: 2.   Identify simple independent and dependent variables. Standard Number: 3.   Formulate and identify questions to guide scientific investigations that connect to science concepts and can be answered through scientific investigations. Standard Number: 4.   Choose the appropriate tools and instruments and use relevant safety procedures to complete scientific investigations. Standard Number: 5.   Analyze alternative scientific explanations and predictions and recognize that there may be more than one good way to interpret a given set of data. Standard Number: 6.   Identify faulty reasoning and statements that go beyond the evidence or misinterpret the evidence. Standard Number: 7.   Use graphs,tables and charts to study physical phenomena and infer mathematical relationships between variables (e.g.,speed,density). Grade: Gr. 8 Scientific Inquiry Doing Scientific Inquiry Standard Number: 1.   Choose the appropriate tools or instruments and use relevant safety procedures to complete scientific investigations. Standard Number: 2.   Describe the concepts of sample size and control and explain how these affect scientific investigations. Standard Number: 3.   Read,construct and interpret data in various forms produced by self and others in both written and oral form (e.g.,tables,charts,maps,graphs, diagrams,symbols). Standard Number: 4.   Apply appropriate math skills to interpret quantitative data (e.g.,mean, median,mode). Grade: Gr. 9 Scientific Inquiry Doing Scientific Inquiry Standard Number: 1.   Distinguish between observations and inferences given a scientific situation. Standard Number: 2.   Research and apply appropriate safety precautions when designing and conducting scientific investigations (e.g.,OSHA,Material Safety Data Sheets [MSDS ],eyewash,goggles,ventilation). Standard Number: 3.   Construct,interpret and apply physical and conceptual models that represent or explain systems,objects,events or concepts. Standard Number: 4.   Decide what degree of precision based on the data is adequate and round off the results of calculator operations to the proper number of significant figures to reasonably reflect those of the inputs. Standard Number: 5.   Develop oral and written presentations using clear language,accurate data, appropriate graphs,tables,maps and available technology. Standard Number: 6.   Draw logical conclusions based on scientific knowledge and evidence from investigations. Grade: Gr. 10 Scientific Inquiry Doing Scientific Inquiry Standard Number: 1.   Research and apply appropriate safety precautions when designing and conducting scientific investigations (e.g.OSHA,MSDS,eyewash,goggles, ventilation). Standard Number: 2.   Present scientific findings using clear language,accurate data,appropriate graphs,tables,maps and available technology. Standard Number: 3.   Use mathematical models to predict and analyze natural phenomena. Standard Number: 4.   Draw conclusions from inquiries based on scientific knowledge and principles,the use of logic and evidence (data)from investigations. Standard Number: 5.   Explain how new scientific data can cause any existing scientific explanation to be supported,revised or rejected. Grade: Gr. 11 Scientific Inquiry Doing Scientific Inquiry Standard Number: 1.   Formulate testable hypotheses.Develop and explain the appropriate procedures,controls and variables (dependent and independent)in scientific experimentation. Standard Number: 2.   Evaluate assumptions that have been used in reaching scientific conclusions. Standard Number: 3.   Design and carry out scientific inquiry (investigation),communicate and critique results through peer review. Standard Number: 4.   Explain why the methods of an investigation are based on the questions being asked. Standard Number: 5.   Summarize data and construct a reasonable argument based on those data and other known information. Grade: Gr. 12 Scientific Inquiry Doing Scientific Inquiry Standard Number: 1.   Formulate testable hypotheses.Develop and explain the appropriate procedures,controls and variables (dependent and independent)in scientific experimentation. Standard Number: 2.   Derive simple mathematical relationships that have predictive power from experimental data (e.g.,derive an equation from a graph and vice versa, determine whether a linear or exponential relationship exists among the data in a table). Standard Number: 3.   Research and apply appropriate safety precautions when designing and/or conducting scientific investigations (e.g.,OSHA,MSDS,eyewash,goggles, ventilation). Standard Number: 4.   Create and clarify the method,procedures,controls and variables in complex scientific investigations. Standard Number: 5.   Use appropriate summary statistics to analyze and describe data.